A higher aspect ratio wing will also have a higher moment of inertia to overcome.
Maneuverability: a high aspect-ratio wing will have a lower roll rate than one of low aspect ratio, because in a high-aspect-ratio wing, an equal amount of wing movement due to aileron deflection (at the aileron) will result in less rolling action on the fuselage due to the greater length between the aileron and the fuselage. if the deflected wing interferes with aileron movement). Also, longer wings have greater deflection for a given load, and in some applications this deflection is undesirable (e.g. Structural: A long wing has higher bending stress for a given load than a short one and therefore requires higher structural-design (architectural and/or material) specifications. There are several reasons why not all aircraft have high aspect wings: Is the circumference-to-diameter ratio of a circle, Is the aircraft zero-lift drag coefficient, This property of aspect ratio AR is illustrated in the formula used to calculate the drag coefficient of an aircraft The interaction between undisturbed air outside the circular cylinder of air, and the downward-moving cylinder of air occurs at the wingtips and can be seen as wingtip vortices. Therefore the larger downward velocity produces a larger aft-leaning component and this leads to larger induced drag on the aircraft with the smaller wingspan and lower aspect ratio. The aft-leaning component of this change in velocity is proportional to the induced drag. For two aircraft of the same weight but different wingspans the small cylinder of air must be pushed downward by a greater amount than the large cylinder in order to produce an equal upward force. A large wingspan is working on a large cylinder of air, and a small wingspan is working on a small cylinder of air. The diameter of that cylinder is equal to the wingspan. 
An airplane in flight can be imagined to affect a circular cylinder of air. Aspect ratio and planform can be used to predict the aerodynamic performance of a wing.įor a given wing area, the aspect ratio is proportional to the square of the wingspan, and the wingspan is of particular significance in determining the performance.
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